Annual mean maximum temperature of warmest month for the Australian continent for the baseline climatic average of monthly 1976-2005 data. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0.

Temperature annual range for the Australian continent. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0

Precipitation of coldest quarter for the Australian continent. Mean temperature of coldest quarter for the Australian continent. Coldest quarter is the set of 3 consecutive months for which the mean temperature over the selected period is lower than any other set of 3 consecutive months. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0

<br>This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.15) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).</br> <br> The Otway flux station was located at Narrinda South in south west Victoria, Australia.The pasture was grazed by dairy cattle with average grass height of 0.1&nbsp;m. Annual average rainfall at the site was around 800&nbsp;mm and was only moderately seasonal. Mean daily temperature ranged from 25&nbsp;°C in February to 12&nbsp;°C in July. The flux station was situated on a 10&nbsp;m tower. Fluxes of heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide were measured using the open-path eddy covariance technique. Supplementary measurements included temperature, humidity, rainfall, total solar, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and net radiation. Soil temperature and heat flux were also measured. The Otway flux station was established in February 2007 on private land at Nirranda South and managed by CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research staff as part of the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies.<br /> <br><br>

Annual mean precipitation of wettest quarter for the Australian continent for the baseline climatic average of monthly 1976-2005 data. Wettest quarter is the set of 3 consecutive months for which the sum of all precipitation over the selected period is higher than any other set of 3 consecutive months. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0

Monthly moisture index for the Australian continent. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0.

<br>This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.18) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).</br> <br>The Aqueduct Snow Gum Flux station is part of the Australian Mountain Research Facility (AMRF), located at an elevation of 1616 meters asl, Kosciuszko National Park, NSW. The site is characterised by subalpine woodland vegetation dominated by <i>Eucalyptus pauciflora</i>. Long term climate of the site recorded by the Bureau of Meteorology, Perisher Valley AWS (station no. 071075) shows an annual mean of 11.1° C, with annual mean maximum of 12.2° C and annual mean minimum of 9.7° C</br>

Annual mean temperature annual range for the Australian continent for the baseline climatic average of monthly 1976-2005 data. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0

Daily maximum temperature for the Australian continent between 1970-2014. Daily maximum temperature regulates rates of plant growth and crop yield. Modelled by expressing each daily value as a difference anomaly with respect to the gridded 1976-2005 monthly mean daily maximum temperatures as provided by ANUClimate_v1-0_temperature-max_monthly-mean_0-01deg_1976-2005. The daily anomalies were interpolated by trivariate thin plate smoothing spline functions of longitude, latitude and vertically exaggerated elevation using ANUSPLIN Version 4.5. There was an average of 675 Bureau of Meteorology data points available for each day between 1970 and 2014. Automated quality assessment rejected on average 2.6 data values per day with extreme studentised residuals. These were commonly associated with days following missing observations. Cross validation residuals for all accepted data points had a mean absolute value of 0.76 degrees Celsius and a root mean square value of 1.06 degrees Celsius. A comprehensive assessment of the analysis and the factors contributing to the quality of the final interpolated daily maximum temperature grids is in preparation.

Annual radiation of driest quarter for the Australian continent. Driest quarter is the set of 3 consecutive months for which the sum of all precipitation over the selected period is lower than any other set of 3 consecutive months. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0