Arcturus Emerald Flux Data Release 2024_v2
<br>This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).</br>
<br> The Arcturus greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring station was established in July 2010, 48 km southeast of Emerald, Queensland. Flux tower measurements were carried out from June 2011 to early 2014. The station was part of a collaborative project between Geoscience Australia (GA) and CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research (CMAR). The elevation of the site is approximately 170 m asl and mean annual precipitation is 572 mm. The tower bordered 2 land use types to the west lightly forested tussock grasslands; to the east crop lands, cycling through fallow periods. The instruments were installed on a square lattice tower with an adjustable pulley lever system to raise and lower the instrument arm. The tower was 5.6 m tall with the instrument mast extending a further 1.1 m above, totalling a height of 6.7 m. Fluxes of heat, water vapour, methane and carbon dioxide were measured using the open-path eddy flux technique. Supplementary measurements above the canopy included temperature, humidity, windspeed, wind direction, rainfall, and the four components of net radiation. Soil heat flux, soil moisture and soil temperature measurements were also collected. <br />
Simple
Identification info
- Date (Creation)
- 2024-09-06
- Date (Publication)
- 2024-10-04
- Date (Revision)
- 2024-12-16
- Edition
- 2024_v2
Identifier
Publisher
Author
Geoscience Australia - Schroder, Ivan (Hydrogeochemist)
101 Jerrabomberra Avenue, Symonston, 2609, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
Symonston
Australian Capital Territory
2609
Australia
Author
Geoscience Australia - Feitz, Andrew (Project Leader)
101 Jerrabomberra Avenue, Symonston, 2609, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
Symonston
Australian Capital Territory
2609
Australia
Co-author
CSIRO Land and Water (2014-2022) - Kitchen, Mark (Technical Contact)
147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat, 6014, Western Australia, Australia
Floreat
Western Australia
6014
Australia
- Website
- https://www.tern.org.au/
- Purpose
- The purpose of the Arcturus Emerald flux station was to:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>gain an understanding of natural background carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the region prior to carbon sequestration and coal seam gas activities take place</li> <li>couple natural flux results with high precision greenhouse gas monitoring instruments (including isotope analysis) to be used for atmospheric dispersion modelling</li> <li>assess the feasibility of using this type of instrumentation for baseline studies prior to industry activities that will be required to monitor and assess CO<sub>2</sub> or CH<sub>4</sub> leakage to atmosphere in the future.</li></ul>
- Credit
- We at TERN acknowledge the Traditional Owners and Custodians throughout Australia, New Zealand and all nations. We honour their profound connections to land, water, biodiversity and culture and pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging.
- Credit
- <br>Arcturus Emerald flux station was managed by Geoscience Australia. It was supported largely by CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research and was a voluntary member to TERN.</br>
- Status
- Completed
Point of contact
Geoscience Australia - Schroder, Ivan (Hydrogeochemist)
101 Jerrabomberra Avenue, Symonston, 2609, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
101 Jerrabomberra Avenue
Symonston
Australian Capital Territory
2609
Australia
Point of contact
Geoscience Australia - Feitz, Andrew (Project Leader)
101 Jerrabomberra Avenue, Symonston, 2609, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
101 Jerrabomberra Avenue
Symonston
Australian Capital Territory
2609
Australia
- Topic category
-
- Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
Extent
- Description
- The Arcturus flux station was located 48 km southeast of Emerald, Queensland.
N
S
E
W
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Temporal extent
- Time period
- 2011-06-10 2013-12-31
- Title
- Beringer J., Hutley L. B., McHugh I., Arndt S. K., Campbell D., Cleugh H. A., Cleverly J., Resco de Dios V., Eamus D., Evans B., Ewenz C., Grace P., Griebel A., Haverd V., Hinko-Najera N., Huete A., Isaac P., Kanniah K., Leuning R., Liddell M. J., Macfarlane C., Meyer W., Moore C., Pendall E., Phillips A., Phillips R. L., Prober S. M., Restrepo-Coupe N., Rutledge S., Schroder I., Silberstein R., Southall P., Yee M. S., Tapper N. J., van Gorsel E., Vote C., Walker J. and Wardlaw T. (2016). An introduction to the Australian and New Zealand flux tower network - OzFlux, Biogeosciences, 13: 5895-5916
- Maintenance and update frequency
- Biannually
- GCMD Science Keywords
-
- BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
- LAND PRODUCTIVITY
- EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
- TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
- ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
- TURBULENCE
- WIND SPEED
- WIND DIRECTION
- TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES
- ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
- PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION
- LONGWAVE RADIATION
- SHORTWAVE RADIATION
- INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION
- HEAT FLUX
- AIR TEMPERATURE
- PRECIPITATION AMOUNT
- HUMIDITY
- SOIL MOISTURE/WATER CONTENT
- SOIL TEMPERATURE
- ANZSRC Fields of Research
- TERN Platform Vocabulary
- TERN Instrument Vocabulary
- TERN Parameter Vocabulary
-
- surface upward latent heat flux
- Watt per Square Meter
- relative humidity
- Percent
- water evapotranspiration flux
- Kilograms per square metre per second
- gross primary productivity
- Micromoles per square metre second
- surface air pressure
- Kilopascal
- vertical wind
- Meter per Second
- water vapor partial pressure in air
- Kilopascal
- longitudinal component of wind speed
- Meter per Second
- net ecosystem exchange
- Micromoles per square metre second
- surface upward mole flux of carbon dioxide
- Micromoles per square metre second
- specific humidity saturation deficit in air
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- surface upward flux of available energy
- Watt per Square Meter
- thickness of rainfall amount
- Millimetre
- mole fraction of water vapor in air
- Millimoles per mole
- water vapor saturation deficit in air
- Kilopascal
- magnitude of surface downward stress
- Kilograms per metre per square second
- surface upwelling shortwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- wind from direction
- Degree
- wind speed
- Meter per Second
- surface upward sensible heat flux
- Watt per Square Meter
- lateral component of wind speed
- Meter per Second
- surface friction velocity
- Meter per Second
- surface net downward radiative flux
- Watt per Square Meter
- mole fraction of carbon dioxide in air
- Micromoles per mole
- surface upwelling longwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- surface downwelling shortwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- net ecosystem productivity
- Micromoles per square metre second
- volume fraction of condensed water in soil
- Cubic Meter per Cubic Meter
- air temperature
- degree Celsius
- surface downwelling longwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- specific humidity
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- soil temperature
- degree Celsius
- downward heat flux at ground level in soil
- Watt per Square Meter
- Monin-Obukhov length
- Meter
- mass concentration of water vapor in air
- Gram per Cubic Meter
- ecosystem respiration
- Micromoles per square metre second
- enhanced vegetation index
- Unitless
- QUDT Units of Measure
-
- Watt per Square Meter
- Percent
- Kilograms per square metre per second
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Kilopascal
- Meter per Second
- Kilopascal
- Meter per Second
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- Watt per Square Meter
- Millimetre
- Millimoles per mole
- Kilopascal
- Kilograms per metre per square second
- Watt per Square Meter
- Degree
- Meter per Second
- Watt per Square Meter
- Meter per Second
- Meter per Second
- Watt per Square Meter
- Micromoles per mole
- Watt per Square Meter
- Watt per Square Meter
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Cubic Meter per Cubic Meter
- degree Celsius
- Watt per Square Meter
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- degree Celsius
- Watt per Square Meter
- Meter
- Gram per Cubic Meter
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Unitless
- GCMD Horizontal Resolution Ranges
- GCMD Temporal Resolution Ranges
- Keywords (Discipline)
-
- AU-Emr
- Grasslands
Resource constraints
- Use limitation
- The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license allows others to copy, distribute, display, and create derivative works provided that they credit the original source and any other nominated parties. Details are provided at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- File name
- 88x31.png
- File description
- CCBy Logo from creativecommons.org
- File type
- png
- Title
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence
- Alternate title
- CC-BY
- Edition
- 4.0
- Access constraints
- License
- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
- TERN services are provided on an “as-is” and “as available” basis. Users use any TERN services at their discretion and risk. They will be solely responsible for any damage or loss whatsoever that results from such use including use of any data obtained through TERN and any analysis performed using the TERN infrastructure. <br /><br />Web links to and from external, third party websites should not be construed as implying any relationships with and/or endorsement of the external site or its content by TERN.<br /><br />Please advise any work or publications that use this data via the online form at https://www.tern.org.au/research-publications/#reporting
- Other constraints
- <br>Please cite this dataset as {Author} ({PublicationYear}). {Title}. {Version, as appropriate}. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. {Identifier}.</br>
Resource constraints
- Classification
- Unclassified
- Environment description
- <br>File naming convention</br> <br>The NetCDF files follow the naming convention below:</br> <br>SiteName_ProcessingLevel_FromDate_ToDate_Type.nc<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>SiteName: short name of the site</li> <li>ProcessingLevel: file processing level (L3, L4, L5, L6) </li> <li>FromDate: temporal interval (start), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>ToDate: temporal interval (end), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>Type (Level 6 only): Summary, Monthly, Daily, Cumulative, Annual</li></ul> For the NetCDF files at Level 6 (L6), there are several additional 'aggregated' files. For example: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>Summary: This file is a summary of the L6 data for daily, monthly, annual and cumulative data. The files Monthly to Annual below are combined together in one file.</li> <li>Monthly: This file shows L6 monthly averages of the respective variables, e.g. AH, Fc, NEE, <em>etc.</em></li> <li>Daily: same as Monthly but with daily averages.</li> <li>Cumulative: File showing cumulative values for ecosystem respiration, evapo-transpiration, gross primary productivity, net ecosystem exchange and production as well as precipitation.</li> <li>Annual: same as Monthly but with annual averages.</li></ul>
Distribution Information
- Distribution format
-
Distributor
Distributor
Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
80 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Queensland, 4068, Australia
Indooroopilly
Queensland
4068
Australia
- OnLine resource
- NetCDF files (2024_v2)
- OnLine resource
- ro-crate-metadata.json
Data quality info
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Other
- <br>Processing levels</br> <br>Under each of the data release directories, the netcdf files are organised by processing levels (L3, L4, L5 and L6):<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>L3 (Level 3) processing applies a range of quality assurance/quality control measures (QA/QC) to the L1 data. The variable names are mapped to the standard variable names (CF 1.8) as part of this step. The L3 netCDF file is then the starting point for all further processing stages.</li> <li>L4 (Level 4) processing fills gaps in the radiation, meteorological and soil quantities utilising AWS (automated weather station), ACCESS-G (Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator) and ERA5 (the fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate).</li> <li>L5 (Level 5) processing fills gaps in the flux data employing the artificial neural network SOLO (self-organising linear output map).</li> <li>L6 (Level 6) processing partitions the gap-filled NEE into GPP and ER.</li></ul> Each processing level has two sub-folders ‘default’ and ‘site_pi’:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>default: contains files processed using PyFluxPro</li> <li>site_pi: contains files processed by the principal investigators of the site.</li></ul> If the data quality is poor, the data is filled from alternative sources. Filled data can be identified by the Quality Controls flags in the dataset. Quality control checks include: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>range checks for plausible limits</li> <li>spike detection</li> <li>dependency on other variables</li> <li>manual rejection of date ranges</li></ul> Specific checks applied to the sonic and IRGA data include rejection of points based on the sonic and IRGA diagnostic values and on either automatic gain control (AGC) or CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O signal strength, depending upon the configuration of the IRGA.</br> <br>The Arcturus Emerald Flux Tower was established in April 2011, and stopped measuring in early 2014. The processed data release is currently ongoing, biannually.</br> <br></br>
- Title
- Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
- Abstract
- Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
Resource lineage
- Statement
- All flux raw data is subject to the quality control process OzFlux QA/QC to generate data from L1 to L6. Levels 3 to 6 are available for re-use. Datasets contain Quality Controls flags which will indicate when data quality is poor and has been filled from alternative sources. For more details, refer to Isaac et al. (2017).
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Title
- Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
- Website
-
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017
Method documentation
- Title
- PyFluxPro
- Website
-
https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro/wiki
Method documentation
Reference System Information
- Reference system identifier
- EPSG/EPSG:4326
- Reference system type
- Geodetic Geographic 2D
Metadata
- Metadata identifier
-
urn:uuid/eaf13d29-f575-4f26-8e66-f4df1d04cc06
- Title
- TERN GeoNetwork UUID
- Language
- English
- Character encoding
- UTF8
Point of contact
- Title
- Arcturus Emerald Flux Data Collection
Identifier
- Codespace
- https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/
- Description
- Parent Metadata Record
Type of resource
- Resource scope
- Dataset
- Metadata linkage
-
https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/eaf13d29-f575-4f26-8e66-f4df1d04cc06
Point-of-truth metadata URL
- Date info (Creation)
- 2021-08-06T00:00:00
- Date info (Revision)
- 2024-12-16T00:00:00
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO 19115-1:2014/AMD 1:2018 Geographic information - Metadata - Fundamentals
- Edition
- 1
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO/TS 19115-3:2016
- Edition
- 1.0
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO/TS 19157-2:2016
- Edition
- 1.0
- Title
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Metadata Profile of ISO 19115-3:2016 and ISO 19157-2:2016
- Date (published)
- 2021
- Edition
- 1.0
Identifier
Overviews
Spatial extent
N
S
E
W
Provided by
Associated resources
Not available