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Yarramundi Control Flux Data Release 2025_v1

<br>This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.18) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).</br><br>


The Yarramundi Control Paddock site is located near Richmond, NSW (GPS coordinates -33.613469, 150.734864). The site is about 1&nbsp;km east of the Cumberland Plain Woodland flux tower. The climate is warm-temperate, with annual rainfall averaging 728&nbsp;mm, mean maximum temperature in January of 30.4&deg;C and mean minimum temperature in July of 3.6&deg;C (BOM station 067105). The elevation of the site is about 20&nbsp;m asl and the topography is flat. The soil is sandy loam in texture, organic carbon content is <1% nutrient availability is very low in the top 10&nbsp;cm; iron concretions below 50&nbsp;cm indicate poor drainage at times. The vegetation canopy is less than 1&nbsp;m tall, and the plant community is dominated by exotic herbaceous perennials, including <em>Conyza sumatrensis</em>, <em>Setaria parviflora</em>, <em>Cynodon dactylon</em>, <em>Commelina cyanea</em>, <em>Senecio madagascariensis</em>, and <em>Eragrostis curvula</em>. <br />

<br> Fluxes of water vapour, carbon dioxide and heat are quantified with the open-path eddy flux technique from a 2.5&nbsp;m tall mast. Additional measurements above the canopy include temperature, humidity, rainfall and net radiation, and photographs are taken several times per day to track canopy greenness.</br>

Simple

Identification info

Date (Creation)
2025-03-20
Date (Publication)
2025-03-25
Date (Revision)
2025-12-10
Edition
2025_v1

Identifier

Title
DataCite
Code
doi:10.25901/k25w-9c54
Codespace
http://dx.doi.org

Publisher

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Building 1019, 80 Meiers Rd
Indooroopilly
QLD
4068
Australia
+61 7 3365 9097

Author

Western Sydney University - Pendall, Elise (Theme Leader Soil Biology and Genomics)
Bourke Street, Richmond, 2753, New South Wales, Australia
Richmond
New South Wales
2753
Australia
Website
https://www.tern.org.au/

Purpose
<p>The purpose of Yarramundi Control Paddock flux station is to:</p> <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>measure the exchange of carbon dioxide, water vapour and energy between an unmanaged pasture ecosystem and the atmosphere using micrometeorological techniques</li> <li>support an understanding of forage dynamics on an active cattle station</li> <li>support an understanding of environmental variability on ecosystem processes (such as photosynthesis, respiration or changes in plant structure and function)</li> <li>utilise the measurements for parameterising forage and grazing models</li> <li>utilise the measurements for parameterising and validating remote sensing measurements over semi-arid savanna ecosystems</li> <li>utilise the measurements for parameterising and validating the Earth System models to better understand the effects of climate change.</li></u> <br>
Credit
We at TERN acknowledge the Traditional Owners and Custodians throughout Australia, New Zealand and all nations. We honour their profound connections to land, water, biodiversity and culture and pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging.
Credit
<p>Yarramundi Control Flux Tower station is managed by Western Sydney University. Infrastructure at the site was funded by the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN), a project of the Commonwealth’s National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS). This site is part of OzFlux Australia.</p>
Status
Completed

Point of contact

Western Sydney University - Pendall, Elise (Theme Leader Soil Biology and Genomics)
Bourke Street, Richmond, 2753, New South Wales, Australia
Bourke Street
Richmond
New South Wales
2753
Australia
Topic category
  • Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere

Extent

Description
Near Richmond, NSW, Australia.
N
S
E
W


Temporal extent

Time period
2019-10-22 2025-01-01
Title
Beringer J., Hutley L. B., McHugh I., Arndt S. K., Campbell D., Cleugh H. A., Cleverly J., Resco de Dios V., Eamus D., Evans B., Ewenz C., Grace P., Griebel A., Haverd V., Hinko-Najera N., Huete A., Isaac P., Kanniah K., Leuning R., Liddell M. J., Macfarlane C., Meyer W., Moore C., Pendall E., Phillips A., Phillips R. L., Prober S. M., Restrepo-Coupe N., Rutledge S., Schroder I., Silberstein R., Southall P., Yee M. S., Tapper N. J., van Gorsel E., Vote C., Walker J. and Wardlaw T. (2016). An introduction to the Australian and New Zealand flux tower network - OzFlux, Biogeosciences, 13: 5895-5916
Website
Beringer J., Hutley L. B., McHugh I., Arndt S. K., Campbell D., Cleugh H. A., Cleverly J., Resco de Dios V., Eamus D., Evans B., Ewenz C., Grace P., Griebel A., Haverd V., Hinko-Najera N., Huete A., Isaac P., Kanniah K., Leuning R., Liddell M. J., Macfarlane C., Meyer W., Moore C., Pendall E., Phillips A., Phillips R. L., Prober S. M., Restrepo-Coupe N., Rutledge S., Schroder I., Silberstein R., Southall P., Yee M. S., Tapper N. J., van Gorsel E., Vote C., Walker J. and Wardlaw T. (2016). An introduction to the Australian and New Zealand flux tower network - OzFlux, Biogeosciences, 13: 5895-5916

Related documentation

Maintenance and update frequency
Biannually
GCMD Science Keywords
  • BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • LAND PRODUCTIVITY
  • EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
  • TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
  • ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
  • TURBULENCE
  • WIND SPEED
  • WIND DIRECTION
  • TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES
  • ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
  • PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION
  • LONGWAVE RADIATION
  • SHORTWAVE RADIATION
  • INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION
  • HEAT FLUX
  • AIR TEMPERATURE
  • PRECIPITATION AMOUNT
  • HUMIDITY
  • SOIL MOISTURE/WATER CONTENT
  • SOIL TEMPERATURE
  • BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
ANZSRC Fields of Research
  • Atmospheric sciences
  • Climate change impacts and adaptation
  • Ecosystem function
  • Environmental management
  • Soil sciences
TERN Platform Vocabulary
  • Yarramundi Control Flux Station
TERN Instrument Vocabulary
  • Campbell Scientific CSAT3
  • LI-COR LI-7500
  • Kipp&Zonen NR Lite
  • Kipp&Zonen CNR4
  • Hukseflux HFP01
  • Campbell Scientific CS616
  • Campbell Scientific TCAV Averaging Soil Thermocouple Probe
TERN Parameter Vocabulary
  • surface upward sensible heat flux
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • surface upward latent heat flux
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • water vapor partial pressure in air
  • Kilopascal
  • Monin-Obukhov length
  • Metre
  • surface net downward radiative flux
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • surface friction velocity
  • Metre per Second
  • vertical wind
  • Metre per Second
  • specific humidity
  • Kilogram per Kilogram
  • thickness of rainfall amount
  • Millimetre
  • surface air pressure
  • Kilopascal
  • surface upward mole flux of carbon dioxide
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • surface upwelling longwave flux in air
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • soil temperature
  • Degree Celsius
  • surface downwelling shortwave flux in air
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • volume fraction of condensed water in soil
  • Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre
  • mole fraction of carbon dioxide in air
  • Micromole per Mole
  • surface upwelling shortwave flux in air
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • surface upward flux of available energy
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • wind speed
  • Metre per Second
  • downward heat flux at ground level in soil
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • enhanced vegetation index
  • Unitless
  • longitudinal component of wind speed
  • Metre per Second
  • net ecosystem exchange
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • relative humidity
  • Percent
  • wind from direction
  • Degree
  • mole fraction of water vapor in air
  • Millimole per Mole
  • lateral component of wind speed
  • Metre per Second
  • water evapotranspiration flux
  • Kilograms per square metre per second
  • air temperature
  • Degree Celsius
  • net ecosystem productivity
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • ecosystem respiration
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • magnitude of surface downward stress
  • Kilograms per metre per square second
  • mass concentration of water vapor in air
  • Gram per Cubic Metre
  • surface downwelling longwave flux in air
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • specific humidity saturation deficit in air
  • Kilogram per Kilogram
  • gross primary productivity
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • water vapor saturation deficit in air
  • Kilopascal
QUDT Units of Measure
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Kilopascal
  • Metre
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Metre per Second
  • Metre per Second
  • Kilogram per Kilogram
  • Millimetre
  • Kilopascal
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Degree Celsius
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre
  • Micromole per Mole
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Metre per Second
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Unitless
  • Metre per Second
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • Percent
  • Degree
  • Millimole per Mole
  • Metre per Second
  • Kilograms per square metre per second
  • Degree Celsius
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • Kilograms per metre per square second
  • Gram per Cubic Metre
  • Watt per Square Metre
  • Kilogram per Kilogram
  • Micromole per Square Metre Second
  • Kilopascal
GCMD Horizontal Resolution Ranges
  • Point Resolution
GCMD Temporal Resolution Ranges
  • 1 minute - < 1 hour

Resource constraints

Use limitation
The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license allows others to copy, distribute, display, and create derivative works provided that they credit the original source and any other nominated parties. Details are provided at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
File name
88x31.png
File description
CCBy Logo from creativecommons.org
File type
png
Linkage
https://w3id.org/tern/static/cc-by/88x31.png

Title
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence
Alternate title
CC-BY
Edition
4.0
Website
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Access constraints
License
Use constraints
Other restrictions
Other constraints
TERN services are provided on an “as-is” and “as available” basis. Users use any TERN services at their discretion and risk. They will be solely responsible for any damage or loss whatsoever that results from such use including use of any data obtained through TERN and any analysis performed using the TERN infrastructure. <br /><br />Web links to and from external, third party websites should not be construed as implying any relationships with and/or endorsement of the external site or its content by TERN.<br /><br />Please advise any work or publications that use this data via the online form at https://www.tern.org.au/research-publications/#reporting
Other constraints
Please cite this dataset as {Author} ({PublicationYear}). {Title}. {Version, as appropriate}. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. {Identifier}.

Resource constraints

Classification
Unclassified
Environment description
<br>File naming convention</br> <br>The NetCDF files follow the naming convention below:</br> <br>SiteName_ProcessingLevel_FromDate_ToDate_Type.nc<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>SiteName: short name of the site</li> <li>ProcessingLevel: file processing level (L3, L4, L5, L6) </li> <li>FromDate: temporal interval (start), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>ToDate: temporal interval (end), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>Type (Level 6 only): Summary, Monthly, Daily, Cumulative, Annual</li></ul> For the NetCDF files at Level 6 (L6), there are several additional 'aggregated' files. For example: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>Summary: This file is a summary of the L6 data for daily, monthly, annual and cumulative data. The files Monthly to Annual below are combined together in one file.</li> <li>Monthly: This file shows L6 monthly averages of the respective variables, e.g. AH, Fc, NEE, <em>etc.</em></li> <li>Daily: same as Monthly but with daily averages.</li> <li>Cumulative: File showing cumulative values for ecosystem respiration, evapo-transpiration, gross primary product, net ecosystem exchange and production as well as precipitation.</li> <li>Annual: same as Monthly but with annual averages.</li></ul>

Distribution Information

Distribution format

Distributor

Distributor

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
80 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Queensland, 4068, Australia
Indooroopilly
Queensland
4068
Australia
OnLine resource
NetCDF files (2025_v1)

OnLine resource
ro-crate-metadata.json

Data quality info

Hierarchy level
Dataset
Other
<br>Processing levels</br> <br>Under each of the data release directories, the netcdf files are organised by processing levels (L3, L4, L5 and L6):<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>L3 (Level 3) processing applies a range of quality assurance/quality control measures (QA/QC) to the L1 data. The variable names are mapped to the standard variable names (CF 1.8) as part of this step. The L3 netCDF file is then the starting point for all further processing stages.</li> <li>L4 (Level 4) processing fills gaps in the radiation, meteorological and soil quantities utilising AWS (automated weather station), ACCESS-G (Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator) and ERA5 (the fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate).</li> <li>L5 (Level 5) processing fills gaps in the flux data employing the artificial neural network SOLO (self-organising linear output map).</li> <li>L6 (Level 6) processing partitions the gap-filled NEE into GPP and ER.</li></ul> Each processing level has two sub-folders ‘default’ and ‘site_pi’:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>default: contains files processed using PyFluxPro</li> <li>site_pi: contains files processed by the principal investigators of the site.</li></ul> If the data quality is poor, the data is filled from alternative sources. Filled data can be identified by the Quality Controls flags in the dataset. Quality control checks include: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>range checks for plausible limits</li> <li>spike detection</li> <li>dependency on other variables</li> <li>manual rejection of date ranges</li></ul> Specific checks applied to the sonic and IRGA data include rejection of points based on the sonic and IRGA diagnostic values and on either automatic gain control (AGC) or CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O signal strength, depending upon the configuration of the IRGA.</br> <br>Yarramundi Control Flux Tower was established in 2019, and is currently active. The processed data release is currently ongoing, biannually.</br>
Title
Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
Website
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017

Abstract
Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928

Resource lineage

Statement
All flux raw data is subject to the quality control process OzFlux QA/QC to generate data from L1 to L6. Levels 3 to 6 are available for re-use. Datasets contain Quality Controls flags which will indicate when data quality is poor and has been filled from alternative sources. For more details, refer to Isaac et al. (2017).
Hierarchy level
Dataset
Title
Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
Website
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017

Method documentation

Title
PyFluxPro
Website
https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro/wiki

Method documentation

Reference System Information

Reference system identifier
EPSG/EPSG:4326

Reference system type
Geodetic Geographic 2D

Metadata

Metadata identifier
urn:uuid/e073ca4e-0d66-4ab4-8235-0d194898e3b2

Title
TERN GeoNetwork UUID

Language
English
Character encoding
UTF8

Point of contact

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Building 1019, 80 Meiers Rd
Indooroopilly
QLD
4068
Australia
+61 7 3365 9097
Title
Yarramundi Control Flux Data Collection

Identifier

Code
3ec2e557-4d21-4c06-8781-c3558e0d5cfb
Codespace
https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/
Description
Parent Metadata Record

Type of resource

Resource scope
Dataset
Metadata linkage
https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/e073ca4e-0d66-4ab4-8235-0d194898e3b2

Point-of-truth metadata URL

Date info (Creation)
2025-03-25T00:00:00.000000+00:00
Date info (Revision)
2025-12-10T09:44:17.812457+00:00

Metadata standard

Title
ISO 19115-1:2014/AMD 1:2018 Geographic information - Metadata - Fundamentals
Edition
1

Metadata standard

Title
ISO/TS 19115-3:2016
Edition
1.0

Metadata standard

Title
ISO/TS 19157-2:2016
Edition
1.0
Title
Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Metadata Profile of ISO 19115-3:2016 and ISO 19157-2:2016
Date (published)
2021
Edition
1.0

Identifier

Code
10.5281/zenodo.5652221
Website
https://github.com/ternaustralia/TERN-ISO19115/releases/tag/v1.0

 
 

Overviews

Spatial extent

N
S
E
W


Keywords

ANZSRC Fields of Research
Atmospheric sciences Climate change impacts and adaptation Ecosystem function Environmental management Soil sciences
GCMD Science Keywords
AIR TEMPERATURE ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES EVAPOTRANSPIRATION HEAT FLUX HUMIDITY INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION LAND PRODUCTIVITY LONGWAVE RADIATION PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION PRECIPITATION AMOUNT SHORTWAVE RADIATION SOIL MOISTURE/WATER CONTENT SOIL TEMPERATURE TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES TURBULENCE WIND DIRECTION WIND SPEED

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Associated resources

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