Wallaby Creek Flux Data Release 2024_v1
<br>This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).</br>
<br>The forest is classed as a tall, wet sclerophyll forest, and the dominant <em>Eucalyptus Regnans</em> or mountain ash trees have an average canopy height of 75 m. The site contains a chronosequence of (20, 80 and 300) stand ages that were established during fires occurring over the last 300 years. The area is assigned the IUCN Category II (National Parks) of the United Nations’ list of National Parks and protected areas, which means the park is primarily managed for ecosystem conservation. The catchment area is dominated by mountain ash, the world’s tallest flowering plant (angiosperm). Trees can reach heights of more than 90 m in areas with high rainfall and fertile soil. Mountain ash forests are confined to the cool mountain regions with elevations ranging from 460 to 1100 m and average rainfalls of 1100 to 2000 mm/y. These trees are well distributed throughout Victoria’s Central Highlands including the Otway Ranges and Strzlecki Ranges; they are also found in Tasmania. The catchment area contains a portion of the Mt. Disappointment range, the Divide and the headwaters of Wallaby Creek and Silver Creek, and much of the slopes are characterised as flat to moderate.</br>
<br>The station itself is located within an old growth stand with individual trees as old as 300 years. Below the dominant canopy lies a temperate rainforest understorey consisting of <em>Pomaderris aspera</em> and <em>Olearia argophylla</em> species, which are 10 to 18 m tall. The lower layers of vegetation are dominated by tree ferns (<em>Cyathea australis</em> and <em>Dicksonia antartica</em>) and extensive tracts of rosette and rhizonic ferns (<em>Polystichum proliferum</em> and <em>Blechnum wattsii</em>) as well as acacia trees. The elevation is approximately 720 m. The major soil type within the forest is krasnozemic soils, which are friable red/brown soils, with high amounts of organic matter in the upper 20 to 30 cm. However, the composition of krasnozemic soils is not homogenous, but rather varies with altitude. Grey-yellow podsolised soils can be found at lower altitudes, while krasnozemic loams is characteristic of the higher altitudes of the Kinglake and of the Hume Plateau. The clay content of these soils increases with depth until at least 200 cm deep, where after a transition soils contain rock fragments. The climate of the study area is classified as a cool, temperate zone, with the highest temperatures occurring during the summer months of December – February (13.8 to 22.5 °C), whilst the coolest temperatures are experienced in May and August (4.7 to 9.2 °C). Average annual precipitation is 1209 mm, with a maximum rainfall occurring in June (Ashton, 2000). The study site experiences foggy conditions after sunset during autumn and winter.</br>
<br>The original station had a main mast at 110 m. This station was destroyed in February 2009 by bushfires. A replacement station was established in March 2010 and started recording in May 2010. The mast sat at a height of 5 m. The post-fire instrumentation was not as diverse as the pre-fire instrumentation.</br>
Simple
Identification info
- Date (Creation)
- 2024-03-13
- Date (Publication)
- 2024-05-04
- Date (Revision)
- 2024-12-16
- Edition
- 2024_v1
Identifier
Publisher
Author
Co-author
- Website
- https://www.tern.org.au/
- Purpose
- The research aim of the Wallaby Creek flux station is to:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>understand the complex coupling of carbon, water and energy cycles within Australia's old growth temperate forests over various scales in order to assess the impact of future environmental change</li> <li>measure exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapour and energy between an old growth, tall forest and the atmosphere using micrometeorological techniques</li> <li>quantify the carbon sink/source of a temperate, old growth mountain ash forest and identify the contribution of such forests to the continents 'National Carbon Inventory'</li> <li>provide a database of microclimate and ecological parameters for use in carbon and water modelling projects</li> <li>investigate how carbon cycles change over successional time scales (decadal to centennial).</li></ul>
- Credit
- We at TERN acknowledge the Traditional Owners and Custodians throughout Australia, New Zealand and all nations. We honour their profound connections to land, water, biodiversity and culture and pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging.
- Credit
- <br></br> The station was established in August 2005 by Monash University as part of an ARC funded sustainable futures project, number DP0451247. It was operated in collaboration with Charles Darwin University and University of Alaska Fairbanks and supported by TERN. The flux station was part of the Australian OzFlux Network and contributed to the international FLUXNET Network.
- Status
- Completed
Point of contact
- Topic category
-
- Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
Extent
- Description
- In Kinglake National Park, Victoria.
Temporal extent
- Time period
- 2005-08-25 2010-05-25
- Title
- Beringer J., Hutley L. B., McHugh I., Arndt S. K., Campbell D., Cleugh H. A., Cleverly J., Resco de Dios V., Eamus D., Evans B., Ewenz C., Grace P., Griebel A., Haverd V., Hinko-Najera N., Huete A., Isaac P., Kanniah K., Leuning R., Liddell M. J., Macfarlane C., Meyer W., Moore C., Pendall E., Phillips A., Phillips R. L., Prober S. M., Restrepo-Coupe N., Rutledge S., Schroder I., Silberstein R., Southall P., Yee M. S., Tapper N. J., van Gorsel E., Vote C., Walker J. and Wardlaw T. (2016). An introduction to the Australian and New Zealand flux tower network - OzFlux, Biogeosciences, 13: 5895-5916
- Maintenance and update frequency
- Biannually
- GCMD Science Keywords
-
- BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
- LAND PRODUCTIVITY
- EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
- TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
- ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
- TURBULENCE
- WIND SPEED
- WIND DIRECTION
- TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES
- ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
- PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION
- LONGWAVE RADIATION
- SHORTWAVE RADIATION
- INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION
- HEAT FLUX
- AIR TEMPERATURE
- PRECIPITATION AMOUNT
- HUMIDITY
- SOIL MOISTURE/WATER CONTENT
- SOIL TEMPERATURE
- ANZSRC Fields of Research
- TERN Platform Vocabulary
- TERN Instrument Vocabulary
- TERN Parameter Vocabulary
-
- surface upward latent heat flux
- Watt per Square Meter
- surface downwelling shortwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- ecosystem respiration
- Micromoles per square metre second
- water vapor partial pressure in air
- Kilopascal
- net ecosystem exchange
- Micromoles per square metre second
- surface air pressure
- Kilopascal
- mole fraction of carbon dioxide in air
- Micromoles per mole
- mass concentration of water vapor in air
- Gram per Cubic Meter
- soil temperature
- degree Celsius
- magnitude of surface downward stress
- Kilograms per metre per square second
- surface friction velocity
- Meter per Second
- gross primary productivity
- Micromoles per square metre second
- downward heat flux at ground level in soil
- Watt per Square Meter
- surface net downward radiative flux
- Watt per Square Meter
- volume fraction of condensed water in soil
- Cubic Meter per Cubic Meter
- wind speed
- Meter per Second
- surface downwelling longwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- water evapotranspiration flux
- Kilograms per square metre per second
- surface upwelling longwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- specific humidity saturation deficit in air
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- lateral component of wind speed
- Meter per Second
- specific humidity
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- surface upward mole flux of carbon dioxide
- Micromoles per square metre second
- water vapor saturation deficit in air
- Kilopascal
- surface upward sensible heat flux
- Watt per Square Meter
- vertical wind
- Meter per Second
- relative humidity
- Percent
- Monin-Obukhov length
- Meter
- wind from direction
- Degree
- surface upwelling shortwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Meter
- longitudinal component of wind speed
- Meter per Second
- mole fraction of water vapor in air
- Millimoles per mole
- net ecosystem productivity
- Micromoles per square metre second
- surface upward flux of available energy
- Watt per Square Meter
- enhanced vegetation index
- Unitless
- air temperature
- degree Celsius
- thickness of rainfall amount
- Millimetre
- QUDT Units of Measure
-
- Watt per Square Meter
- Watt per Square Meter
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Kilopascal
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Kilopascal
- Micromoles per mole
- Gram per Cubic Meter
- degree Celsius
- Kilograms per metre per square second
- Meter per Second
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Watt per Square Meter
- Watt per Square Meter
- Cubic Meter per Cubic Meter
- Meter per Second
- Watt per Square Meter
- Kilograms per square metre per second
- Watt per Square Meter
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- Meter per Second
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Kilopascal
- Watt per Square Meter
- Meter per Second
- Percent
- Meter
- Degree
- Watt per Square Meter
- Meter per Second
- Millimoles per mole
- Micromoles per square metre second
- Watt per Square Meter
- Unitless
- degree Celsius
- Millimetre
- GCMD Horizontal Resolution Ranges
- GCMD Temporal Resolution Ranges
- Keywords (Discipline)
-
- Eddy Covariance
- AU-Wac
- IUCN Category II
- wet sclerophyll forest
Resource constraints
- Use limitation
- The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license allows others to copy, distribute, display, and create derivative works provided that they credit the original source and any other nominated parties. Details are provided at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- File name
- 88x31.png
- File description
- CCBy Logo from creativecommons.org
- File type
- png
- Title
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence
- Alternate title
- CC-BY
- Edition
- 4.0
- Access constraints
- License
- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
- TERN services are provided on an “as-is” and “as available” basis. Users use any TERN services at their discretion and risk. They will be solely responsible for any damage or loss whatsoever that results from such use including use of any data obtained through TERN and any analysis performed using the TERN infrastructure. <br /><br />Web links to and from external, third party websites should not be construed as implying any relationships with and/or endorsement of the external site or its content by TERN.<br /><br />Please advise any work or publications that use this data via the online form at https://www.tern.org.au/research-publications/#reporting
- Other constraints
- Please cite this dataset as {Author} ({PublicationYear}). {Title}. {Version, as appropriate}. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. {Identifier}.
Resource constraints
- Classification
- Unclassified
- Environment description
- <br>File naming convention</br> <br>The NetCDF files follow the naming convention below:</br> <br>SiteName_ProcessingLevel_FromDate_ToDate_Type.nc<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>SiteName: short name of the site</li> <li>ProcessingLevel: file processing level (L3, L4, L5, L6) </li> <li>FromDate: temporal interval (start), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>ToDate: temporal interval (end), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>Type (Level 6 only): Summary, Monthly, Daily, Cumulative, Annual</li></ul> For the NetCDF files at Level 6 (L6), there are several additional 'aggregated' files. For example: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>Summary: This file is a summary of the L6 data for daily, monthly, annual and cumulative data. The files Monthly to Annual below are combined together in one file.</li> <li>Monthly: This file shows L6 monthly averages of the respective variables, e.g. AH, Fc, NEE, <em>etc.</em></li> <li>Daily: same as Monthly but with daily averages.</li> <li>Cumulative: File showing cumulative values for ecosystem respiration, evapo-transpiration, gross primary productivity, net ecosystem exchange and production as well as precipitation.</li> <li>Annual: same as Monthly but with annual averages.</li></ul>
Distribution Information
- Distribution format
-
Distributor
Distributor
- OnLine resource
- NetCDF files (2024_v1)
- OnLine resource
- ro-crate-metadata.json
Data quality info
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Other
- <br>Processing levels</br> <br>Under each of the data release directories, the netcdf files are organised by processing levels (L3, L4, L5 and L6):<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>L3 (Level 3) processing applies a range of quality assurance/quality control measures (QA/QC) to the L1 data. The variable names are mapped to the standard variable names (CF 1.8) as part of this step. The L3 netCDF file is then the starting point for all further processing stages.</li> <li>L4 (Level 4) processing fills gaps in the radiation, meteorological and soil quantities utilising AWS (automated weather station), ACCESS-G (Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator) and ERA5 (the fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate).</li> <li>L5 (Level 5) processing fills gaps in the flux data employing the artificial neural network SOLO (self-organising linear output map).</li> <li>L6 (Level 6) processing partitions the gap-filled NEE into GPP and ER.</li></ul> Each processing level has two sub-folders ‘default’ and ‘site_pi’:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>default: contains files processed using PyFluxPro</li> <li>site_pi: contains files processed by the principal investigators of the site.</li></ul> If the data quality is poor, the data is filled from alternative sources. Filled data can be identified by the Quality Controls flags in the dataset. Quality control checks include: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>range checks for plausible limits</li> <li>spike detection</li> <li>dependency on other variables</li> <li>manual rejection of date ranges</li></ul> Specific checks applied to the sonic and IRGA data include rejection of points based on the sonic and IRGA diagnostic values and on either automatic gain control (AGC) or CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O signal strength, depending upon the configuration of the IRGA.</br> <br>Wallaby Creek Flux Tower was established in 2005, and stopped measuring in 2013. The processed data release is currently ongoing, biannually.</br> <br></br>
- Title
- Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
- Abstract
- Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
Resource lineage
- Statement
- All flux raw data is subject to the quality control process OzFlux QA/QC to generate data from L1 to L6. Levels 3 to 6 are available for re-use. Datasets contain Quality Controls flags which will indicate when data quality is poor and has been filled from alternative sources. For more details, refer to Isaac et al. (2017).
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Title
- Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
- Website
-
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017
Method documentation
- Title
- PyFluxPro
- Website
-
https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro/wiki
Method documentation
Reference System Information
- Reference system identifier
- EPSG/EPSG:4326
- Reference system type
- Geodetic Geographic 2D
Metadata
- Metadata identifier
-
urn:uuid/4ac75dc7-0a3c-4068-9edc-8e4e4aa20453
- Title
- TERN GeoNetwork UUID
- Language
- English
- Character encoding
- UTF8
Point of contact
- Title
- Wallaby Creek Flux Data Collection
Identifier
- Codespace
- https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/
- Description
- Parent Metadata Record
Type of resource
- Resource scope
- Dataset
- Metadata linkage
-
https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/4ac75dc7-0a3c-4068-9edc-8e4e4aa20453
Point-of-truth metadata URL
- Date info (Creation)
- 2022-03-17T00:00:00
- Date info (Revision)
- 2024-12-16T00:00:00
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO 19115-1:2014/AMD 1:2018 Geographic information - Metadata - Fundamentals
- Edition
- 1
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO/TS 19115-3:2016
- Edition
- 1.0
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO/TS 19157-2:2016
- Edition
- 1.0
- Title
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Metadata Profile of ISO 19115-3:2016 and ISO 19157-2:2016
- Date (published)
- 2021
- Edition
- 1.0