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Gridded Near-Surface Wind Data for Australia

Gridded near-surface (2 and 10 m) daily average wind datasets for Australia from 1975 to 2018 have been constructed by interpolating observational data collected by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM). The new datasets span Australia at 0.05 × 0.05° resolution with a daily time step. The datasets were constructed by blending observational data collected at various heights using local surface roughness information.

Simple

Identification info

Date (Creation)
2019-08-01
Date (Publication)
2023-11-03
Date (Revision)
2025-12-10
Edition
1

Identifier

Title
DataCite
Code
doi:10.25901/t7s2-er29
Codespace
http://dx.doi.org

Publisher

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Building 1019, 80 Meiers Rd
Indooroopilly
QLD
4068
Australia
+61 7 3365 9097

Author

Department of Environment and Science (2017-2023), Queensland Government - Zhang, Hong ()
41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, 4102, Queensland, Australia
Dutton Park
Queensland
4102
Australia

Author

Department of Environment and Science (2017-2023), Queensland Government
41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, 4102, Queensland, Australia
Dutton Park
Queensland
4102
Australia
Website
https://www.tern.org.au/

Purpose
We expect the improved accuracy and availability will assist modellers and other users requiring wind estimates in Australia.
Credit
We at TERN acknowledge the Traditional Owners and Custodians throughout Australia, New Zealand and all nations. We honour their profound connections to land, water, biodiversity and culture and pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging.
Status
Completed

Point of contact

Department of Environment and Science (2017-2023), Queensland Government - Zhang, Hong ()
41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, 4102, Queensland, Australia
41 Boggo Road
Dutton Park
Queensland
4102
Australia

Point of contact

Department of Environment and Science (2017-2023), Queensland Government
41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, 4102, Queensland, Australia
41 Boggo Road
Dutton Park
Queensland
4102
Australia

Spatial resolution

Spatial resolution
5000
Topic category
  • Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere

Extent

Description
Australia.
N
S
E
W


Temporal extent

Time period
1975-01-01 2018-12-31

Vertical element

Minimum value
2
Maximum value
10
Reference system identifier
EPSG/EPSG:4979

Reference system type
Geodetic Geographic 3D
Maintenance and update frequency
As needed
GCMD Science Keywords
  • WIND SPEED
ANZSRC Fields of Research
  • Meteorology
TERN Parameter Vocabulary
  • wind speed
  • Metre per Second
QUDT Units of Measure
  • Metre per Second
GCMD Horizontal Resolution Ranges
  • 1 km - < 10 km or approximately .01 degree - < .09 degree
GCMD Temporal Resolution Ranges
  • Daily Climatology

Resource constraints

Use limitation
The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license allows others to copy, distribute, display, and create derivative works provided that they credit the original source and any other nominated parties. Details are provided at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
File name
88x31.png
File description
CCBy Logo from creativecommons.org
File type
png
Linkage
https://w3id.org/tern/static/cc-by/88x31.png

Title
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence
Alternate title
CC-BY
Edition
4.0
Website
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Access constraints
License
Use constraints
Other restrictions
Other constraints
TERN services are provided on an "as-is" and "as available" basis. Users use any TERN services at their discretion and risk. They will be solely responsible for any damage or loss whatsoever that results from such use including use of any data obtained through TERN and any analysis performed using the TERN infrastructure. <br />Web links to and from external, third party websites should not be construed as implying any relationships with and/or endorsement of the external site or its content by TERN. <br /><br />Please advise any work or publications that use this data via the online form at https://www.tern.org.au/research-publications/#reporting
Other constraints
Please cite this dataset as {Author} ({PublicationYear}). {Title}. {Version, as appropriate}. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. {Identifier}.

Resource constraints

Classification
Unclassified

Distribution Information

Distribution format
  • NetCDF

Distributor

Distributor

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Building 1019, 80 Meiers Rd
Indooroopilly
QLD
4068
Australia
OnLine resource
mean_wind_2m - Blended daily wind speed data (at 2m) for Australia

Distribution Information

Distribution format
  • NetCDF

Distributor

Distributor

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Building 1019, 80 Meiers Rd
Indooroopilly
QLD
4068
Australia
OnLine resource
mean_wind_10m - Blended daily wind speed data (at 10m) for Australia

Distribution Information

Distribution format

Distributor

Distributor

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Building 1019, 80 Meiers Rd, Indooroopilly, QLD, Australia, 4068
Indooroopilly
QLD
4068
Australia
OnLine resource
ro-crate-metadata.json

Data quality info

Hierarchy level
Dataset
Other
Error detection techniques were used to identify and remove suspect data. Statistical performances of the spatial interpolations were evaluated using a cross-validation procedure, by sequentially applying interpolations after removing the observed weather station data. The accuracy of the new blended 10&nbsp;m wind datasets were estimated through comparison with the Reanalysis ERA5-Land 10&nbsp;m wind datasets.
Title
Zhang H., Jeffrey S. and Carter J. (2022). Improved quality gridded surface wind speed datasets for Australia. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 134 (85)
Website
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-022-00925-2

Abstract
Zhang H., Jeffrey S. and Carter J. (2022). Improved quality gridded surface wind speed datasets for Australia. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 134 (85)

Report

Result

Statement
Overall, the blended 10&nbsp;m wind speed patterns are similar to the ERA5-Land 10&nbsp;m wind. The new blended 10&nbsp;m wind datasets outperformed ERA5-Land 10&nbsp;m wind in terms of spatial correlations and mean absolute errors through validations with BoM 10&nbsp;m wind weather station data for the period from 1981 to 2020. Average correlation (R2) for blended 10&nbsp;m wind is 0.68, which is 0.45 for ERA5-Land 10&nbsp;m wind. The average of the mean absolute error is 1.15&nbsp;m/s for blended 10&nbsp;m wind, which is lower than that for ERA5-Land 10&nbsp;m wind (1.61&nbsp;m/s). The blending technique substantially improves the spatial correlations for blended 2&nbsp;m wind speed.

Resource lineage

Statement
Gridded near-surface (2 and 10&nbsp;m) daily average wind datasets for Australia have been constructed by interpolating observational data collected by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM). The new datasets span Australia at 0.05 × 0.05&deg; resolution with a daily time step. They are available as daily values for the period 1 January 1975 to 31 December 2018. The datasets were constructed by blending observational data collected at various heights using local surface roughness information.
Hierarchy level
Dataset

Reference System Information

Reference system identifier
EPSG/EPSG:4326

Reference system type
Geodetic Geographic 2D

Metadata

Metadata identifier
urn:uuid/1f1f6f81-da2e-4f33-9757-d7e05becc10a

Title
TERN GeoNetwork UUID

Language
English
Character encoding
UTF8

Point of contact

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Building 1019, 80 Meiers Rd
Indooroopilly
QLD
4068
Australia
+61 7 3365 9097

Type of resource

Resource scope
Dataset
Metadata linkage
https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/1f1f6f81-da2e-4f33-9757-d7e05becc10a

Point-of-truth metadata URL

Date info (Creation)
2023-10-11T00:00:00.000000+00:00
Date info (Revision)
2025-12-10T10:16:11.958443+00:00

Metadata standard

Title
ISO 19115-1:2014/AMD 1:2018 Geographic information - Metadata - Fundamentals
Edition
1

Metadata standard

Title
ISO/TS 19115-3:2016
Edition
1.0

Metadata standard

Title
ISO/TS 19157-2:2016
Edition
1.0
Title
Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Metadata Profile of ISO 19115-3:2016 and ISO 19157-2:2016
Date (published)
2021
Edition
1.0

Identifier

Code
10.5281/zenodo.5652221
Website
https://github.com/ternaustralia/TERN-ISO19115/releases/tag/v1.0

 
 

Overviews

Spatial extent

N
S
E
W


Keywords

ANZSRC Fields of Research
Meteorology
GCMD Science Keywords
WIND SPEED

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Associated resources

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