Cow Bay Flux Data Release 2022_v2
<br>This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.7) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).</br>
<br>The Cow Bay flux station was established in December 2008 and managed by James Cook University. The forest is classified as complex mesophyll vine forest, there are 94 species in the core 1 Ha, and average tree height is 22 m. Elevation of the site is 90 m and mean annual precipitation is 3935 mm. The Daintree Rainforest is one of the most biodiverse forests in Australia. The instruments are mounted on a walk-up tourist tower at 35 m. Fluxes of heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide are measured using the open-path eddy flux technique. Supplementary measurements above the canopy include temperature, humidity, windspeed, wind direction, rainfall, incoming and reflected shortwave radiation and net radiation.The early years 2009 - 12 had several data gaps. Shadowing of the radiometric equipment continues to cause artifacts on the radiometers - these can be seen as reduction in downwelling radiation with solar inclination. The site is part of the FNQ Rainforest SuperSite - associated with the Daintree node, which is part of the TERN, Australia. <br/>
Simple
Identification info
- Date (Creation)
- 2009-01-01
- Date (Publication)
- 2022-11-11
- Date (Revision)
- 2025-12-15
- Edition
- 2022_v2
Identifier
Publisher
Author
James Cook University - Liddell, Michael (Associate Professor)
14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield, 4878, Queensland, Australia
Smithfield
Queensland
4878
Australia
Co-author
James Cook University - Weigand, Nico (Research Worker)
14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield, 4878, Queensland, Australia
Smithfield
Queensland
4878
Australia
- Website
- https://www.tern.org.au/
- Purpose
- The purpose of the Cow Bay flux station is to:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>measure exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapour and energy between the tropical lowland rainforest in Far North Queensland and the atmosphere using micrometeorological techniques </li> <li>quantify the changes in carbon and water balances of an Australian tropical rainforest on a long term basis in the face of climate change </li> <li>present the results from the study in real time to the public and inform the public on what these results mean.</li></ul>
- Credit
- We at TERN acknowledge the Traditional Owners and Custodians throughout Australia, New Zealand and all nations. We honour their profound connections to land, water, biodiversity and culture and pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging.
- Credit
- <br>The Cow Bay flux station is managed by James Cook University in a collaboration with the Daintree Discovery Centre. The site was co-funded by the Daintree Discovery Centre and the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN). </br> Past support was from the Department of Environment and Heritage - Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility Project 5ii.2. Climate Change: Scaling from trees to ecosystems.
- Status
- On going
Point of contact
James Cook University - Liddell, Michael (Associate Professor)
14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield, 4878, Queensland, Australia
14-88 McGregor Road
Smithfield
Queensland
4878
Australia
- Topic category
-
- Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
Extent
- Description
- The flux station is mounted at the 23 m level viewing platform on the visitor tower at the Daintree Discovery Centre at Cow Bay, 100 km from Cairns in Far North Queensland.
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Temporal extent
- Time period
- 2009-01-01
- Title
- Beringer J., Hutley L. B., McHugh I., Arndt S. K., Campbell D., Cleugh H. A., Cleverly J., Resco de Dios V., Eamus D., Evans B., Ewenz C., Grace P., Griebel A., Haverd V., Hinko-Najera N., Huete A., Isaac P., Kanniah K., Leuning R., Liddell M. J., Macfarlane C., Meyer W., Moore C., Pendall E., Phillips A., Phillips R. L., Prober S. M., Restrepo-Coupe N., Rutledge S., Schroder I., Silberstein R., Southall P., Yee M. S., Tapper N. J., van Gorsel E., Vote C., Walker J. and Wardlaw T. (2016). An introduction to the Australian and New Zealand flux tower network - OzFlux, Biogeosciences, 13: 5895-5916
- Maintenance and update frequency
- Biannually
- GCMD Science Keywords
-
- BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
- LAND PRODUCTIVITY
- EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
- TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
- ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
- TURBULENCE
- WIND SPEED
- WIND DIRECTION
- TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES
- ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
- PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION
- LONGWAVE RADIATION
- SHORTWAVE RADIATION
- INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION
- HEAT FLUX
- AIR TEMPERATURE
- PRECIPITATION AMOUNT
- HUMIDITY
- SOIL MOISTURE/WATER CONTENT
- SOIL TEMPERATURE
- ANZSRC Fields of Research
- TERN Platform Vocabulary
- TERN Instrument Vocabulary
-
- Hukseflux HFP01
- Hukseflux NR01
- Observator RIM-8000 series rain gauge
- Rotronic HC2(A)-S, HC2(A)-S3(H), HC2(A)-S-HH, HC2-S3CO3(-PT15), HC2(A)-SM and HC2-S and HC2A-S series
- Campbell Scientific CS616
- Vaisala HMP45C
- Campbell Scientific TCAV Averaging Soil Thermocouple Probe
- Campbell Scientific CSAT3
- Vaisala WXT520
- Environdata WeatherMaster 2000
- LI-COR LI-190 (SA, SZ, and SL versions)
- LI-COR LI-7500
- TERN Parameter Vocabulary
-
- surface friction velocity
- Metre per Second
- specific humidity
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- wind from direction
- Degree
- net ecosystem exchange
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- longitudinal component of wind speed
- Square Metre per Square Second
- mass concentration of water vapor in air
- Gram per Cubic Metre
- surface net downward radiative flux
- Watt per Square Metre
- downward heat flux at ground level in soil
- Watt per Square Metre
- surface downwelling longwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Metre
- lateral component of wind speed
- Metre per Second
- surface upwelling shortwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Metre
- vertical wind
- Metre per Second
- wind speed
- Metre per Second
- surface air pressure
- Kilopascal
- surface upwelling longwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Metre
- soil temperature
- Degree Celsius
- Monin-Obukhov length
- Metre
- water vapor saturation deficit in air
- Kilopascal
- air temperature
- Degree Celsius
- surface upward mole flux of carbon dioxide
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- mole fraction of water vapor in air
- Millimole per Mole
- volume fraction of condensed water in soil
- Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre
- mole fraction of carbon dioxide in air
- Micromole per Mole
- net ecosystem productivity
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- surface upward latent heat flux
- Watt per Square Metre
- ecosystem respiration
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- gross primary productivity
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- surface upward sensible heat flux
- Watt per Square Metre
- magnitude of surface downward stress
- Kilograms per metre per square second
- water evapotranspiration flux
- Kilograms per square metre per second
- relative humidity
- Percent
- thickness of rainfall amount
- Millimetre
- specific humidity saturation deficit in air
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- water vapor partial pressure in air
- Kilopascal
- surface upward flux of available energy
- Watt per Square Metre
- surface downwelling shortwave flux in air
- Watt per Square Metre
- surface downwelling photosynthetic photon flux in air
- Millimole per Square Metre Second
- QUDT Units of Measure
-
- Metre per Second
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- Degree
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- Square Metre per Square Second
- Gram per Cubic Metre
- Watt per Square Metre
- Watt per Square Metre
- Watt per Square Metre
- Metre per Second
- Watt per Square Metre
- Metre per Second
- Metre per Second
- Kilopascal
- Watt per Square Metre
- Degree Celsius
- Metre
- Kilopascal
- Degree Celsius
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- Millimole per Mole
- Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre
- Micromole per Mole
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- Watt per Square Metre
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- Micromole per Square Metre Second
- Watt per Square Metre
- Kilograms per metre per square second
- Kilograms per square metre per second
- Percent
- Millimetre
- Kilogram per Kilogram
- Kilopascal
- Watt per Square Metre
- Watt per Square Metre
- Millimole per Square Metre Second
- GCMD Horizontal Resolution Ranges
- GCMD Temporal Resolution Ranges
- Keywords (Discipline)
-
- mesophyll vine forest
- Au-Cow
Resource constraints
- Use limitation
- The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license allows others to copy, distribute, display, and create derivative works provided that they credit the original source and any other nominated parties. Details are provided at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- File name
- 88x31.png
- File description
- CCBy Logo from creativecommons.org
- File type
- png
- Title
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence
- Alternate title
- CC-BY
- Edition
- 4.0
- Access constraints
- License
- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
- TERN services are provided on an “as-is” and “as available” basis. Users use any TERN services at their discretion and risk. They will be solely responsible for any damage or loss whatsoever that results from such use including use of any data obtained through TERN and any analysis performed using the TERN infrastructure. <br /><br />Web links to and from external, third party websites should not be construed as implying any relationships with and/or endorsement of the external site or its content by TERN.<br /><br />Please advise any work or publications that use this data via the online form at https://www.tern.org.au/research-publications/#reporting
- Other constraints
- <br>Please cite this dataset as {Author} ({PublicationYear}). {Title}. {Version, as appropriate}. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. {Identifier}.</br>
Resource constraints
- Classification
- Unclassified
- Environment description
- <br>File naming convention</br> <br>The NetCDF files follow the naming convention below:</br> <br>SiteName_ProcessingLevel_FromDate_ToDate_Type.nc<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>SiteName: short name of the site</li> <li>ProcessingLevel: file processing level (L3, L4, L5, L6) </li> <li>FromDate: temporal interval (start), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>ToDate: temporal interval (end), YYYYMMDD</li> <li>Type (Level 6 only): Summary, Monthly, Daily, Cumulative, Annual</li></ul> For the NetCDF files at Level 6 (L6), there are several additional 'aggregated' files. For example: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>Summary: This file is a summary of the L6 data for daily, monthly, annual and cumulative data. The files Monthly to Annual below are combined together in one file.</li> <li>Monthly: This file shows L6 monthly averages of the respective variables, e.g. AH, Fc, NEE, <em>etc.</em></li> <li>Daily: same as Monthly but with daily averages.</li> <li>Cumulative: File showing cumulative values for ecosystem respiration, evapo-transpiration, gross primary productivity, net ecosystem exchange and production as well as precipitation.</li> <li>Annual: same as Monthly but with annual averages.</li></ul>
Distribution Information
- Distribution format
-
Distributor
Distributor
Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
80 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Queensland, 4068, Australia
Indooroopilly
Queensland
4068
Australia
- OnLine resource
- NetCDF files (2022_v2)
- OnLine resource
- ro-crate-metadata.json
Data quality info
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Other
- <br>Processing levels</br> <br>Under each of the data release directories, the netcdf files are organised by processing levels (L3, L4, L5 and L6):<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>L3 (Level 3) processing applies a range of quality assurance/quality control measures (QA/QC) to the L1 data. The variable names are mapped to the standard variable names (CF 1.8) as part of this step. The L3 netCDF file is then the starting point for all further processing stages.</li> <li>L4 (Level 4) processing fills gaps in the radiation, meteorological and soil quantities utilising AWS (automated weather station), ACCESS-G (Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator) and ERA5 (the fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate).</li> <li>L5 (Level 5) processing fills gaps in the flux data employing the artificial neural network SOLO (self-organising linear output map).</li> <li>L6 (Level 6) processing partitions the gap-filled NEE into GPP and ER.</li></ul> Each processing level has two sub-folders ‘default’ and ‘site_pi’:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>default: contains files processed using PyFluxPro</li> <li>site_pi: contains files processed by the principal investigators of the site.</li></ul> If the data quality is poor, the data is filled from alternative sources. Filled data can be identified by the Quality Controls flags in the dataset. Quality control checks include: <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>range checks for plausible limits</li> <li>spike detection</li> <li>dependency on other variables</li> <li>manual rejection of date ranges</li></ul> Specific checks applied to the sonic and IRGA data include rejection of points based on the sonic and IRGA diagnostic values and on either automatic gain control (AGC) or CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O signal strength, depending upon the configuration of the IRGA.</br>
Resource lineage
- Statement
- All flux raw data is subject to the quality control process OzFlux QA/QC to generate data from L1 to L6. Levels 3 to 6 are available for re-use. Datasets contain Quality Controls flags which will indicate when data quality is poor and has been filled from alternative sources. For more details, refer to Isaac et al. (2017).
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Title
- Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
- Website
-
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017
Method documentation
- Title
- PyFluxPro
- Website
-
https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro/wiki
Method documentation
Reference System Information
- Reference system identifier
- EPSG/EPSG:4326
- Reference system type
- Geodetic Geographic 2D
Metadata
- Metadata identifier
-
urn:uuid/8580ca2b-51f8-4463-85a1-accf9f2a3969
- Title
- TERN GeoNetwork UUID
- Language
- English
- Character encoding
- UTF8
Point of contact
- Title
- Cow Bay Flux Data Collection
Identifier
- Codespace
- https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/
- Description
- Parent Metadata Record
Type of resource
- Resource scope
- Dataset
- Metadata linkage
-
https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/8580ca2b-51f8-4463-85a1-accf9f2a3969
Point-of-truth metadata URL
- Date info (Creation)
- 2022-03-17T00:00:00.000000+00:00
- Date info (Revision)
- 2025-12-15T05:07:42.736422+00:00
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO 19115-1:2014/AMD 1:2018 Geographic information - Metadata - Fundamentals
- Edition
- 1
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO/TS 19115-3:2016
- Edition
- 1.0
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO/TS 19157-2:2016
- Edition
- 1.0
- Title
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) Metadata Profile of ISO 19115-3:2016 and ISO 19157-2:2016
- Date (published)
- 2021
- Edition
- 1.0
Identifier
Overviews
Spatial extent
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Provided by
Associated resources
Not available